What does nhs stand for on tires

Tread Design. Ply Rating. The list goes on. Getting the right tires for your lawn tractor, zero turn or walk-behind is crucial to getting the best performance with minimal down time.

Getting the right tire size is important to ensure the tires fit on your mower. This string of numbers found on the sidewall of the tire indicates the size of the tire when it is inflated. For instance: 18x8. The 18 is the overall height of the tire when it is mounted and inflated to factory recommended air pressure. The 8. So, in this case, 8. The 8 indicates the rim diameter that the tire is going to be mounted to, meaning this is an 8-inch wheel.

Load Index This value refers to the maximum weight the tires can carry, considering that they have adequate pressure. You find that real weight in the load table index. You can refer to the speed ratings of this charter.

European Homologation E11 This feature certifies that the tire complies with European government standards reinforced. Reinforced Tire "RF" on the sidewall of the tire indicates that it was strengthened to withstand a higher load.

Date of Manufacture 05 11 In this code, the last four digits correspond to the date of fabrication of tires the week 05 and the year UTQG This section presents the uniform classification of quality of the tire.

For more information, see technical data sheet. These tires must be used by. Tech Center. Products Search by vehicle Search by dimensions Tire brands Wheel brands.

This tubeless tire is best for handcarts, small garden trailers, and other type of lawn equipment. This straight rib tread design is optimal for heavy loads on gardening equipment like trailers, hand trucks, and equipment like pressure washers as well as lawn mowers and tractors. These types of tires are best for residential gardening equipment or industrial product usage as they can withstand heavy loads.

This lawn and garden tire has a Sawtooth tread pattern for easy rolling over multiple types of turf. These tires are extremely sturdy and able to withstand up to pounds.

This bias tire is designed for utility golf carts and is also suitable for lawn and garden equipment like small tractors, lawn mowers, and wheelbarrows. It features a zig-zag Sawtooth tread for a stronger biting edge that provides extra traction. This tire is designed for a wide range of use on numerous lawn and garden equipment — and can handle both off-road and on-road surfaces. The unique tread pattern design helps to support heavy loads while resisting punctures, making it a great choice for heavy duty gardening tasks.

No matter what type of lawn or garden tractor vehicle you are in the market for — or what types of applications you will be using it for — you can find a top-quality tire to fit your needs and your wallet.

The quality of your lawn tractor tires can improve the appearance of your yard or garden and make any task much easier. Homepage Tire Buying. Tread Pattern Types First, you need to understand the difference between tractor tire tread types — and what each pattern equates to. Smooth Tread This tire has no tread pattern grooves whatsoever and is used on zero-turn mowers — of which have two control levers instead of a steering wheel.

The smooth tread pattern is primarily used for golf and ground maintenance equipment. Straight Rib Tread This tire pattern features straight, shallow ribs and are designed for riding lawn mowers and lawn trailers. Chevron Turf Tread This is one of the most common tractor tire tread patterns — as it provides adequate traction for mowing typical front lawns or other grassy areas.

Commercial Turf Tread As the name implies, this tread pattern is used on commercial mowing equipment that is larger than a typical lawn tractor.

Lug Traction Tread This pattern is a top choice for lawn equipment — such as trenchers, ditching machines, and larger garden tractors since the deep lugs offer extremely powerful traction, especially in soft dirt.

Modified or Wide Footprint Chevron Turf Tread This wider chevron pattern provides better weight distribution for larger mowing equipment — of which may also be towing heavy loads. Thankfully, lawn and garden tractor tires have numbers on the tires which indicate the size.

So, here is what those numbers mean. Now, you may be wondering just what does NHS mean on a tire. Best Lawn Tractor Tires There are lots of lawn tractor tires on the market that fit into all budgets. Riding Lawn Mowers and Lawn Trailers Greenball Soft Turf Lawn and Garden See Prices This tire has a square shoulder design for superior traction and even weight distribution for minimal turf damage and a smooth, comfortable ride. Off road vehicles which are frequently used on rough terrain must be fitted with special off-road tyres.

Please note: These tyres come in both imperial and flotation dimensions. The official documentation for this General Operating Licence is the vehicle registration document or licence certificate. If any changes were made to the vehicles and not noted in the vehicle registration document, this will cause the General Operating Licence to lapse and will be sanctioned accordingly. Caution: If unapproved wheels or tyres are used, then the entire vehicle licence certificate will lapse alongside the operating licence including insurance cover!

Abrasions caused by braking can arise when brakes are fully applied particularly without ABS. Here, the wheel locks completely and skids over the road. The profile on the contact area is eroded by the extreme heat and abrasion - which means the tyre is no longer round and must be replaced. The anti-lock braking system ABS sometimes called the anti-lock limiter, stops the wheels locking up when the brakes are fully applied.

This means the vehicle can still be steered properly. An electronic device controls the revolutions of all the wheels via wheel rev sensors, compares these with each other, and adapts their behaviour to the speed of travel. If the revs of one or all the wheels drop out of proportion to the others, the electronics pick up the risk of locking and immediately reduce the hydraulic pressure in the brake line of the wheel in question.

Depending on the construction of the ABS, the hydraulic unit generally contains three or four channels to the individual brake cylinders.

In dry, damp and wet conditions, the braking distance is generally shorter than for the same vehicle without ABS. On fresh snow or loose chippings, the braking distance with ABS may be slightly longer.

Please note: In an emergency, press down hard on the brake pedal and do not be put off by any pulsing of the pedal. A variety of factors can influence the ageing process of a tyre: Humidity, UV radiation, heat, cold etc. In order to avoid a reduction in performance, other substances are mixed with the rubber compound to significantly slow down the ageing process.

However, you should replace your old tyres with new ones after ten years at the latest. It is a natural process for rubber to age, during which its elasticity and grip can change. This is a very slow process, and can be delayed further by special anti-ageing materials in tyres.

However, a pristine spare tyre which has been lying in your boot for over 6 years, should not be used together with completely new tyres. The following rule of thumb applies: Check your tyre pressure every other time you refuel. This is also possible when the tyres are filled with a special gas e. However the special effect of the gas gradually disappears as you top up with normal air. The correct air pressure is critically important for the mileage and life span of the tyres, as well as driving safety.

If tyre pressure in the tyres is tool low, it can lead to poor weight distribution and overheating, or even to the risk that the tyre may blow out. In addition, rolling resistance is increased, leading to an increase in fuel consumption. Regular studies have shown that approximately only one in four cars on the road has the correct air pressure. Air pressure should be checked at every other stop at a service station, or at least every four weeks.

Tyres must be checked when cold, as warm tyres have a higher pressure. Therefore: never release air from a warm tyre! Under certain circumstances, wide tyres require different air pressure to standard tyres, in this case please make sure to consider the information in the user manual or from the tyre manufacturer. Air pumping is the specialist term used for air pumping out of tyres when the tyre is rolling. The weight of the vehicle presses the tyre onto the road with great force, so that air flows at great speed our of the tread channels when the tyres rotate.

At high speed, whistling and hissing sounds can occur, which can however be reduced by skilled variations tread design. In the car area, so called all-weather or all year tyres are available as well as summer and winter tyres. All weather tyres are an option for motorists who live in a relatively flat area, and can occasionally leave their car at home in extreme weather conditions. Please note: If an all weather tyre is not available in a certain size, a winter tyre can be used in its place.

Aluminium rims are rims which are made from aluminium alloy - not from pure aluminium. Pure aluminium is too soft to guarantee the strength required and meet the challenges of driving on the road. In contrast to steel rims, alloy wheels are available in almost any size or width. So you can only get 22, 23 or 24 inch rims as alloy wheels.

Alloy wheels add value to any car due to their design. Many are more suitable for summer, as they more sensitive to road salt than steel wheels due to their finish. However, special winter alloys with a winter resistant coating are available. These abbreviations stand for Aston Martin specifications. An anti theft lug nut or bolt is a wheel nut or bolt which protects the wheel from theft. It can only be unscrewed with a special key.

Aquaplaning occurs when the grooves in the tyre can no longer lead the water under the tyre contact area to the outside. The tyres then float on the film of water, so braking power and steering power are no longer applied to the driving surface. Aquaplaning can be recognised by light steering, spinning drive wheels with high engine revs, and the sound of water under the car. Anyone who finds themselves unexpectedly aquaplaning should not try to brake under any circumstances, but should instead depress the clutch and keep the steering wheel in the direction of travel.

The wheels must not lock, or be pointing in the wrong direction when they come into contact with the road again. Drivers of automatics should concentrate on their steering and not attempt to change the driving mode. The following applies in the rain: Drive carefully! Asymmetrical tyres have an inner and an outer side. After fitting, the wheels can be used in any position on the vehicle, in contrast to directional tyres.

However, the side initially chosen to be the axle side should be kept with subsequent changes of wheel, as tyres always wear slightly unevenly due to direction and vehicle set up, and so adapt perfectly to the road. The profile of asymmetric tyres is designed differently on the inner and outer shoulders: Whereas the profile on the inner shoulder provides traction and straight running, the profile on the outer shoulder is designed for optimal steering and stability when cornering.

When changing a wheel, you should bear in mind the axle position, as this indicates what position a wheel was fitted in, or should be fitted in. Regardless of the type of drive, forces affect each wheel differently. As a rule of thumb you can say that tyres with deeper tread belong on the rear axle.

So the position of the wheels may be changed to use them evenly, e. The axle side initially chosen should stay the same, as the tyres adapt to the axle geometry. This guarantees the optimum contact area. Directional tyres must always be kept on the original axle side. These abbreviations stand for Bentley specifications.

These tyres have been developed according to certain requirements of the car manufacturer. With balloon tyres, the ratio of height to width is 0. They offer good suspension, but poor cornering properties. Balloon tyres are no longer common on modern cars. They are only used with vintage cars and as specialist tyres.

Bar is the legal unit of measurement for pressure. One mbar corresponds to Pascal. These lamellas block each other when braking and accelerating, leading to better handling. The bead or inner ring on the side of the tyre contains strong wire cores and has the task of ensuring the tyre sits securely on the rim. Particularly in the shoulder area, this can lead to overheating of materials, causing parts of the running surface to displace.

In belted tyres, the fabric is reinforced with metal wires and textile bands which go round the tyre like a belt. In belted tyres, the fabric is perpendicular to the direction of travel. The belt, which goes over the fabric in line with the direction of travel gives the belted tyre similar side wall strength to a diagonal tyre, but they are generally more flexible and thus less liable to slip on wet roads.

The big advantage of belted tyres in their more stable running surface, giving them better road-holding. A car with belted tyres will corner better, has better braking distances, drives more safely on wet roads - and the tyres also last longer, but all at the cost of comfort. Caution: Steel belts can rust. This means any tyre with deep damage to the surface such that moisture even air humidity could get to the steel wire must be taken out of circulation immediately.

Bib Mousse is a foam rubber ring which acts as puncture preventing replacement for inner tubes on motorbike tyres. A new Bib Mousse ring is equivalent to a reinforced tube with 0.

Caution: The Michelin Bib Mouse is not authorised for use on the road, and may only be fitted in Michelin tyres! The science of bionics is concerned with how we can learn from nature, and how we can transfer what we have learned to technology and new developments, So for example, we can minimise the air resistance of tyres with a surface similar to sharkskin. BioTred is the name given to a tread compound from Goodyear, which contains a corn starch component.

This makes it possible to produce tyres in an environmentally friendly way. It also reduces rolling resistance, saving fuel and money. BioTred 2 is based on a palm oil derivative, which is used instead of crude oil derivatives such as carbon black.

The number of holes indicates the number of wheel bolts or nuts used to attach a rim to the vehicle. Often wheel bolts or nuts are used, however a minimum of 3 - on lorries there may also be more. The distance between pressing the brake and the vehicle coming to a complete stop is known as the braking distance.

Several factors influence the braking distance: Driver reaction time and length of braking, brake system reaction time, road conditions type, wet , weight of the vehicle, condition of the tyres manufacture, depth of profile, pressure and speed.

Reinforced tyres for light lorries, vans and good vehicles are known as C tyres. On many C tyres there is a double marking for the maximum load for single or twin tyre formations.

This refers to the Ply Rating, which formerly indicated the number of body ply cords, thus representing the load bearing capacity. So tyres with 8PR rating had a higher load-bearing capacity than 6PR tyres.

When selecting tyres for a goods vehicle, the primary considerations are construction type and load index. Therefore you should check the paperwork for your vehicle or ask the manufacturer which tyres you can use.

This refers to C tyres which are optimised for the particular requirements of mobile homes, such as long standing times. Calender is an expression used in the manufacture of tyres. It refers to a beading system where the cord fibres are coated thinly on both sides with rubber. The inclination angling of wheels towards each other, when viewed in the direction of travel, is known as camber. It is shown as the angle of the plane of the wheel to the vertical plane with respect to the ground.

If the inclination towards the top points outwards, the camber is positive. This suppresses the tendency to flutter. If the wheels point inwards at the top, the camber is negative, leading to increased lateral control. This essential element of the load bearing sub-structure of the tyre gives the tyre its strength and ensures it stays together.

Nowadays, carcasses consist of a plastic and cotton fibre fabric or steel cord, embedded in the rubber. Centrifugal force is the force which pushes the vehicle outwards when cornering. The greater the weight of the car and the speed, the greater the centrifugal force. Hydrocarbons CH are present in emissions in many variations.

There is a corresponding variety of odours aromatic to pungent. There is also a similar range of effects on human health. Some CH compounds have a narcotic effect, at least in high concentrations, and others irritate the mucous membrane, or are more or less poisonous. Certain, so called aromatic CH compounds such as benzene are categorised as carcinogenic.

At normal atmospheric concentrations, CH compounds are of particular relevance in relation to the formation of smog, whose main constituent is ozone. The chassis includes the following elements: Wheel suspension axles. Shock absorbers. Wheels rims and tyres. The chassis creates a connection between the bodywork and the road, and its character is responsible for both the comfort of the vehicle and its road holding performance. Can manufacturers are constantly trying to find the balance between safe road-holding and corresponding comfort of the vehicle.

The problem is that one does not actually exclude the other, but they do significantly influence each other. On the one hand, a stiff chassis gives a high level of driving safety, good traction, directional stability, road holding, speed of reaction , albeit always at the expense of comfort.

Chassis geometry includes camber, tracking, and caster, and depending on the vehicle also rake. Changing or adjusting the chassis geometry can often have a detrimental effect, for example changes to steering force or impaired straight line running. This will be issued by the vehicle manufacturer or tyre manufacturer, or another expert, thus allowing the tyres ad rims to be fitted. SIT makes fitting easier: Continental were the first to bring out the first major innovation from the forklift area in the shape of the Snap In Tyre, which represented significant time savings across the board.

The patented SIT construction comes without any loose rim parts. This results in optimal positioning of the rim, cost savings due to the lack of loose parts, plus easy and fast fitting. The coefficient of adhesion indicates the roughness of various pairings of materials between the underside e.

Low values indicate a smooth, slippery, low friction pair of materials. With higher values there is a greater frictional force to overcome. The coefficient of friction of a tyre is not constant, rather it varies depending on temperature, surface pressure in the contact area, slip and numerous other factors. Commercial vehicle tyres are tyres which have been specially developed for vans, lorries and buses. The main priorities are economy and a long life span.

The area of the tyre which actually touches the surface is known as the contact area. With a car, this is roughly the size of a postcard. Tyres in the ContiSeal range are different in that they have a viscous, sticky coating - between the shoulders on the inside of the tyre. If a foreign object penetrates a ContiSeal tyre, the viscous coating surrounds it and prevents any loss of air.

If the foreign object falls out, the hole is sealed off by the sticky, viscous coating. Please note: ContiSeal technology only seals off holes up to 5 mm. Caution: The viscous coating is not suitable as a permanent repair after a puncture. After any damage to a tyre you should consult a tyre specialist, who will check if the tyre can be repaired.

A tyre pressure monitoring system in the vehicle is required when using ContiSeal tyres. ContiSilent technology lowers perceived road noise from the tyres for car occupants. Here the tyres are equipped with a foam on the inside, which keeps its shape even when temperatures change dramatically, thus minimising generation of noise.

Road noise inside the vehicle can be reduced by up to 9 dB depending on the type of driving, speed and road surface. These tyres have been developed and manufactured according to certain specifications and requirements for Daimler-Chrysler. Please note: The tyres can also be used on other vehicles. Cord plies are threads made of rayon, nylon or polyester.

They are woven and incorporated into the rubber of the tyre adding considerable strength. Running these cords from bead to bead determines the type of tyre construction, which can be diagonal or radial tyres.

CP tyres have been developed for camping vehicles such as mobile homes and are fitted with a reinforced sub structure. Equivalent to C tyres in terms of construction, CP tyres therefore have a high load bearing capacity.

Due to considerably higher air pressure, CP tyres have higher load bearing capacity and at the same time, greater protection from mechanical damage.

This protects the tyres during a long stationary period on a base plate. Cross aquaplaning can occur when cornering on a wet road surface. In this dangerous situation, the vehicle suddenly loses contact with the road.

The lateral centrifugal force is so powerful that the vehicle eventually skids out sideways. So they may be marked with a stamp for example. These visual faults have absolutely no effect whatsoever on performance or properties. In diagonal ply tyres, the cords run at an angle to the direction of travel. This means the side wall of the tyre is more stable than in radial tyres. However, this leads to a smaller contact area, as well as a reduction in stability when cornering. Whereas diagonal tyres are still used today with motorbikes, agricultural and industrial equipment, they have been almost completely replaced by radial tyres for cars and commercial vehicles.

Depending on the design they can be used with an inner tube TT or without an inner tube TL. Differential gears or differentials equalise the differing revolution rates of the wheels on the drive axes. Differing rates of revolution of wheels inevitably occur as the wheels on one axle have to cover different distances when cornering.

Here the wheel on the outside of the bend always goes more quickly than the wheel on the inside. In most cases, a so-called bevel gear differential equalises the revolutions on the drive axle.

Where built in, a limited slip differential prevents the wheels from spinning freely and directs the power to the wheel with the better level of traction.

The dimensions shown on the side wall of a tyre indicate type of construction, size, maximum speed and load capacity. In general a vehicle must only be fitted with tyres as indicated in the vehicle licencing documents or registration certificate part 1. As the registration certificate part 1 since October only shows tyre size, the alternative tyre options should be taken from the CoC Certification of Conformity.

There are, however, a number of exceptions in this regulation. So there are a number of cars mainly old ones where 82 series tyres are specified. As these are virtually identical in size to 80 series tyres, both types may be used, according to a statement form the Federal Ministry of Transport. No change or addition to the vehicle documentation is needed, as long as speed and load index is the same or higher than indicated in the paperwork.

Directional tyres should only be fitted to the car in the direction of travel intended. This type of tread pattern has the following advantages:. Discontinued lines may have an older DOT number date of manufacture and are often no longer in production. The abbreviation DOT stands for the US Department of Transportation and in many countries, it is valid and the legally required approval in the tyre industry.

DOT means that the tyre meets or even exceeds the safety requirements of the Department of transportation. The tyre meets or exceeds the safety requirements of the Department of Transportation. Place of manufacture and plant code assigned by the DOT. Size code. Date of manufacture. There are a number of indicators relating to tyre construction which are located on the side wall in the form of numeric codes.

The age of the tyre is indicated, encrypted. As of , the week and month of manufacture of a tyre have been show as four digits. These two numbers indicate the load capacity for single tyres 98 and twin tyres In this case the maximum load capacity of a tyre would be kg for a single tyre, or kg for twin tyres with tyre pressure of 2.

The lower load index in the two numbers always stands for the maximum load capacity for twin tyres. Drainage refers to the deflection of water by the tread. Tyres must have good drainage performance in order to guarantee safe driving performance in wet conditions. Using computer simulation, the water deflection speed of a certain tread can be calculated, and the tyres ability to combat aquaplaning optimised with linear or lateral drainage.

These tyre markings are part of a Michelin specification and signify that the tyres should be fitted per axle. Tyres with different markings should not be combined with each other. An A stands for a special Mercedes design. ECE 30 refers to a European guideline which is documented on the tyre by the E number. The E number is specific to every tyre design and confirms that the tyre in question has met the test criteria specified in ECE In Germany, since , only tyres produced after this date which meet the test criteria can be sold.

Amongst other things, the ECE 30 protects the consumer from serious safety faults which can arise from cheap imports, for example. In addition, since , the ECE identification must be included. Eco-impact is a manufacturer term for energy saving tyres from the brand Pirelli. Ecopia tyres from Bridgestone combine low rolling resistance with outstanding safety and performance in wet weather. The European Tyre and Rim Technical Organisation ETRTO has the following regulatory objectives: - Promotion of a standardisation of norms, in order to achieve transparency with regard to fitting and use of tyres, rims and valves in Europe - establishment of common guidelines for measurement, load and pressure regulations and usage - Promotion of unimpeded exchange of technical information regarding tyres, rims and valves.

In view of the fact that tyres make a considerable contribution to road safety, the ETRTO works with national and international organisations and legislative bodies in order to make suitable recommendations. Since the 1st of November , the EU tyre label has rated tyres with respect to fuel efficiency, braking on wet surfaces and external road noise. This means the consumer can find out about these features before buying a tyre. The label does not provide other key data such as driving stability, wear and tear or braking on dry roads.

In fine balancing, the wheels are balanced directly on the vehicle. Any remaining imbalances arising from changes to wheel centring, hubs and brake discs are dealt with. Flank is a synonym for the side wall of the tyre. It effects the driving characteristics and comfort. Flank height is in proportion to the tyre width.

Flexing is the periodic compression of the tyre. It distorts the side wall and the shoulder, releasing heat and creating additional rolling resistance. If tyre pressure is too low, the tyre flexes more and the tyre overheats.

The foam-in-tyre technology developed by Dunlop uses a foam ring inside the tyre. This reduces road noise significantly, without negatively affecting mileage, rolling resistance or high speed stability. The freedom of movement of the wheel must be guaranteed at all times. This means that tyres and wheels must never be allowed to touch the chassis or components such as brakes or the steering tie rod.

When a vehicle moves and stops, it causes friction between the tyres and the road. The tyre surface is worn off during this, and there is a residue, this is visible on the road as a skid mark for example. The following factors effect the level of friction: Road surface characteristics, driving speed, distribution of weight, tyre pressure, temperature and tyre properties.

The flange shield is a rubber bead on the outer edge of the tyre. This flange is intended to stop the rim getting scratched on the kerb while parking for example, The following codes are also used by tyre manufacturers:.

Essentially, car buyers judge the efficiency of a vehicle according to the fuel consumption data, This figure is determined by a variety of factors. These include the weight of the vehicle, efficiency of the engine, the front surface of the vehicle,driving speed, engine speed and accelerator settings.

The technical competence and the development efforts of a manufacturer are reflected in the level of fuel consumption of their vehicles.